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Typical Speech Sound Development

Receptive Language (understanding)

Birth to 3 months

startles to loud sounds
appears to recognize familiar voices and is comforted
smiles when spoken to

4 – 6 months

turns head/eyes to locate source of sounds
enjoys toys with lights/sounds

7 – 12 months

enjoys peek-a-boo
recognizes own name
recognizes names for common items like "bottle, juice"
is responding to some simple requests such as "wave bye-bye-bye, no, come here"

1 – 2 years

identifies body parts by pointing
follows simple commands and understands
Simple questions "throw ball, where's shoes?"
identifies objects/people in pictures/books

2 – 3 years

follows 2 step commands "get the book and put on the chair"
understands spatial concepts (in, out, of) and descriptive concepts (big, little)

3 – 4 years

understands pronouns he/she, him/her
identifies colors by pointing
understands quantity concepts (one vs. more than one)
answers simple "who questions 'where, what, who, when?

4 – 5 years

listens to short stories and answers questions about it

Express language (talking/communicating)

Birth – 3 months

smiles at familiar face
makes cooing pleasure sounds

4 – 6 months

begins to make "babble" sounds with p, b, m
vocalizes when alone and when playing with caregiver

7 – 12 months

uses vocalizations to get attention vs. crying
babbles different syllable strings
uses simple gestures to express wants (raises arms to be picked up)
has a vocabulary of 1 or 2 words (bye-bye, mama, dada)

1 – 2 years

gains new vocabulary every month
uses pointer finger to express wants/needs
asks questions "what's that?, where daddy?"
puts two words together (my shoe)

2 – 3 years

uses words for most all communication
speech is understood by familiar listeners most of the time
uses 2 – 4 word phrases to talk about events

3 – 4 years

tells about activities at school
speech is greater than 75% intelligible to all listeners
uses many sentences containing 4 or more words in each

4 – 5 years

uses descriptive concepts in conversation (the pink dress is my favorite)
able to tell make-believe stories
uses correct verb tenses

Typical Speech Sound Development

By age 2:

H as in he
M as in mama
N as in no
P as in up
B as in be
D as in do

By age 3:

Zh as in measure
Y as in yes
W as in we
Ng as in sing
T as in to
K as in car
G as in go

By age 3 years 6 months:

F as in if

By age 4:

L as in lay
Sh as in she
Ch as in chew

By age 4 years 6 months:

J as in jaw
S as in so
Z as in is

By age 5:

R as in red

By age 6:

V as in Vegemit

By age 8:

Th as in this

By age 8 years 6 months:

Th as in thing

Source: http://speech-language-therapy.com/acquisition.html